Articles in this section deal with all of the methods in which woody biomass may be collected and processed at the resource site to prepare it for transportation. The act of transporting and unloading woody biomass at the biorefinery is …
Transportation and Delivery Cost
By: R. Schroeder, B. Jackson, and S. Ashton
Transportation of wood fiber accounts for about 25 to 50 percent of the total delivered costs and this is likely to increase as fuel prices escalate (McDonald and others 2001). This is …
Biomass Transportation Equipment
By R. Schroeder, B. Jackson, and S. Ashton
A major challenge associated with transporting woody biomass for energy and bio-based products is that woody biomass in its raw form — slash, un-delimbed small trees and tree sections — has a …
Grinding Woody Biomass

By B. Jackson, R. Schroeder, S. Ashton, and EL Taylor
Grinders are machines that reduce woody biomass particles in size by repeatedly pounding them into smaller pieces through …
In-woods Pyrolysis of Woody Biomass
by EL. Taylor and S. Ashton

In areas where the cost of transporting wood remains …
Primary Processing of Woody Biomass
Shredding Woody BIomass

By B. Jackson, R. Schroeder, and S. Ashton
Shredders are slow-speed rip/shear devices, used widely in tire shredding. Material is pinched between rotating devices and ripped apart or sheared. …
Bundling Woody Biomass

By B. Jackson, EL. Taylor, R. Schroeder, and S. Ashton
One recent innovation involves the compaction of logging residues into cylindrical bales called composite residue logs (CRL) or biomass bundles (Johansson et al, 2006). CRLs …
Chipping Woody Biomass
B. Jackson, R. Schroeder, S. Ashton, and EL Taylor
Chippers are machines that cut material with a slicing action. They make up most of the woody biomass size-reduction equipment in use today and are characterized by high output, high speed …